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When children learn to speak, they need to use a wide range of sounds. However, due to the complexity of speech sounds and the cognitive demands of language learning, children may experience difficulties producing and perceiving certain sounds. So, children pronounce words the best way they can. That is why children pronounce words like “rain” as “wain” or “plane” as “pane.” While this may be cute, it is a normal aspect of language learning that is worth examining. Children do this because they are learning to synchronize the movements of their tongue, lips, jaw, teeth, and palate in order to produce speech sounds, and all children make errors in their speech sounds during this process. What Are Phonological Processes? Phonological processes are patterns of sound substitutions that children employ to simplify their speech. Phonological processes are the predictable patterns of speech errors used by typically developing children to simplify their speech as they learn to talk. While young, children hear the speech sounds of the language being used around them but are unable to produce all of them yet. This is because they do not possess the ability to coordinate the tongue, lips, teeth, palate, and jaw for clear speech. Therefore, they simplify complex words in predictable ways until they develop the coordination necessary to articulate clearly. As a result, their speech does not resemble that of adults. It would be overwhelming for a young child's brain to attempt to speak with all of the sounds an adult can produce. To make speaking easier, the child's brain develops rules, known as phonological processes, to simplify speech sounds and make words easier to say. For instance, producing sounds at the back of the mouth, such as /k/ and /g/, can be challenging for young children. Many children simplify this by implementing a rule (the phonological process) that says that for a sound produced at the back of the mouth, change it to a sound produced at the front of the mouth (where it's easier). As a result, /k/ becomes /t/, and /g/ becomes /d/. This explains why it's typical for young children to say "titty tat" instead of "kitty cat." It's important to note that these rules are beyond the child's control. They do not choose to omit consonants at the end of words or alter sounds. Their brain does it automatically, and they may not even be aware that they're doing it. Types of Phonological Processes At certain ages, we anticipate that children will use phonological processes . It’s only a problem when children don’t attempt to outgrow the use of these processes beyond the typical period. While most children naturally outgrow this stage, others may require speech therapy to overcome it. All children use some types of phonological processes. Let us explore the types so that you can understand how they work. Here are some types of typical phonological processes: 1. Assimilation Assimilation is a phonological process in which a sound becomes more similar to a neighboring sound in a word, due to the influence of that neighboring sound. For example, if a child says "gog" instead of "dog", this is an example of assimilation, as the /g/ sound becomes more like the following /d/ sound in the word. Another example is when a child says "baba" instead of "bottle", where the /t/ sound is replaced by the /b/ sound from the previous syllable. This is known as regressive assimilation. Assimilation is a common phonological process that occurs when one sound in a word is influenced by another sound and becomes more similar to it. Here are some examples of assimilation in children: Nasal Assimilation: This occurs when a non-nasal consonant becomes nasal due to the influence of a neighboring nasal consonant. For example, the word "tent" may be pronounced as "temt" because of the influence of the nasal "m" sound. Labial Assimilation: This occurs when a non-labial consonant becomes a labial consonant due to the influence of a neighboring labial consonant. For example, the word "cup" may be pronounced as "pup" because of the influence of the labial "p" sound. Velar Assimilation: This occurs when a non-velar consonant becomes a velar consonant due to the influence of a neighboring velar consonant. For example, the word "dog" may be pronounced as "gog" because of the influence of the velar "g" sound. Voicing Assimilation: This occurs when a voiceless consonant becomes voiced due to the influence of a neighboring voiced consonant. For example, the word "cat" may be pronounced as "gat" because of the influence of the voiced "g" sound. Devoicing Assimilation: This occurs when a voiced consonant becomes voiceless due to the influence of a neighboring voiceless consonant. For example, the word "bed" may be pronounced as "pet" because of the influence of the voiceless "p" sound. 2. Dissimilation Dissimilation is a phonological process in which a child changes a sound in a word to make it more distinct from another sound in the same word. The goal of dissimilation is to make the word easier to say or to avoid a difficult sound sequence. For example, a child might pronounce the word "yellow" as "yewow" to avoid the difficult sequence of two "l" sounds. Similarly, the child might pronounce the word "spaghetti" as "pasketti" to avoid the difficult sequence of two "s" sounds. Dissimilation is a common phonological process in young children's speech development, and it typically disappears as their speech becomes more mature. Parents and caregivers can help children overcome dissimilation by modeling correct pronunciation and providing gentle correction when needed. There are several types of dissimilation that can occur in children's speech. Here are some examples: Regressive dissimilation: In this type of dissimilation, a sound that comes later in the word influences the sound that comes before it. For example, a child might pronounce the word "apple" as "appe" because the "l" sound is influenced by the "p" sound that comes after it. Progressive dissimilation: In this type of dissimilation, a sound that comes earlier in the word influences the sound that comes after it. For example, a child might pronounce the word "banana" as "banano" because the second "n" sound is influenced by the first "n" sound. Total dissimilation: In this type of dissimilation, a sound is completely changed or eliminated from the word. For example, a child might pronounce the word "spoon" as "poon" because the "s" sound is eliminated. Partial dissimilation: In this type of dissimilation, a sound is changed only slightly from its original pronunciation. For example, a child might pronounce the word "water" as "wawa" because the "t" sound is changed to a "w" sound. These types of dissimilation can occur in combination with other phonological processes, such as deletion, substitution, and addition, as children develop their speech skills. 3. Deletion Deletion is a common phonological process in which a child omits or leaves out a sound or syllable in a word. This process is a natural part of children's speech development as they learn to produce more complex sounds and syllables. There are several types of deletion that can occur in children's speech: Final consonant deletion: In this type of deletion, a child leaves off the final consonant in a word. For example, the word "cat" may be pronounced as "ca." Cluster reduction: In this type of deletion, a child leaves off one or more consonants in a consonant cluster. For example, the word "stop" may be pronounced as "top." Cluster reduction is a phonological process in which a child simplifies a group of consonant sounds by turning them into a single sound or a more manageable combination of sounds, as seen in examples like "poon" for "spoon" and "tuck" for "truck." Typically, this process should resolve by age 4 for words without /s/ and by age 5 for words with /s/. Syllable deletion: In this type of deletion, a child leaves off an entire syllable in a word. Weak Syllable Deletion is a phonological process in which a child deletes an unstressed syllable in a word, such as saying "nana" for "banana" or "puter" for "computer." Typically, this process resolves by the age of 4. Unstressed syllable deletion: In this type of deletion, a child leaves off an unstressed syllable in a word. For example, the word "potato" may be pronounced as "tato." It's important to note that while deletion is a normal part of children's speech development, it should decrease as a child's speech becomes more mature. If a child is still exhibiting significant deletion patterns past a certain age (typically around 4-5 years old), it may be a sign of a speech or language disorder and professional intervention may be needed. 4. Epenthesis Epenthesis is a phonological process where a child inserts a sound or a syllable in between two sounds in a word. This is a common occurrence in young children who are still developing their language skills. For example, a child might say "buh-lue" instead of "blue" or "su-pas-ghetti" instead of "spaghetti." The child is inserting an extra sound in the middle of the word to make it easier to pronounce. Epenthesis is a normal part of language development, and most children grow out of it by the age of four or five. However, if a child continues to use epenthesis beyond this age or if it is accompanied by other speech difficulties, it may be a sign of a speech or language disorder and may require professional intervention. 5. Metathesis Metathesis is a phonological process where a child switches the order of two sounds in a word. This is a common occurrence in young children who are still developing their language skills. For example, a child might say "aminal" instead of "animal.” The child is switching the positions of the "n" and "m" sounds in the word. Metathesis is a normal part of language development, and most children grow out of it by the age of four or five. However, if a child continues to use metathesis beyond this age or if it is accompanied by other speech difficulties, it may be a sign of a speech or phonological disorder . What is a Phonological Disorder? If a child continues to exhibit phonological processes beyond the expected age range, or if the child uses an excessive amount of phonological processes that hinder their speech intelligibility, it could be a sign of a phonological disorder. It can be challenging to cope with having a child whose speech is unintelligible to others, as this can lead to frustration for the child. Children with phonological disorders may exhibit tantrums, such as crying, screaming, sighing loudly, stomping, or throwing objects. They may display "aggressive" behaviors, such as biting, hitting, pulling, and shoving, often due to feeling misunderstood and unable to effectively communicate their wants and needs. These behaviors not only affect the child but also the parent or caregiver. However, parents can take solace in knowing that most children will exhibit improved speech intelligibility over time, and speech-language pathologists and their teams are available to help. Consistent speech therapy can be highly effective in targeting phonological processes, leading to faster improvements in speech intelligibility. Help Your Child Read If you fear that your child has not mastered phonological processes and is still using them, or that there may be some phonological disorders, please get help. For example, you can join our childhood literacy programs. These programs focus on childhood development of essential skills through group learning, therapy, and so on. Consult with a speech-language pathologist (SLP) . An SLP can assess the child's speech and provide a diagnosis of the phonological disorder. They can also develop a personalized treatment plan to target specific areas of difficulty. You can also sign your child up for consistent speech therapy with an SLP. Regular speech therapy sessions can help children improve their speech sounds and intelligibility. The SLP will work with the child to practice correct sound production and may use activities and games to make the therapy sessions engaging and fun. As the child progresses, encouraging and praising their efforts can boost their confidence and motivation to continue working on their speech. Parents and caregivers can provide positive feedback for correct sounds and offer gentle correction for incorrect sounds. It is always joyful to watch children develop through developmental milestones and achieve new skills. While phonological processes are cute when your child is very young, take action when they are not outgrowing them.

Education is a cornerstone of personal and professional development. Yet, the rising costs of tuition can create barriers for many students. Scholarships play a crucial role in helping individuals overcome these financial hurdles. With a wide variety of options available, education scholarships not only make higher education more accessible but also pave the way for a brighter future. This article explores how scholarships can change lives, open doors to education, and provide essential guidance for both prospective students and parents. The Role of Education Scholarships Education scholarships serve as financial awards that help students pay for their studies. These funds do not require repayment and can cover various educational expenses, such as tuition, books, and supplies. Scholarships are typically awarded based on merit, need, or specific criteria related to a student’s background or interests. For instance, the Gates Millennium Scholars Program provides scholarships to students from minority backgrounds who demonstrate exceptional academic talent yet face considerable financial need. Such programs exemplify how targeted scholarships can alleviate financial burdens and help students reach their fullest potential. A student studying under a tree, focusing on education. According to a report from the National Center for Education Statistics, approximately 1 in 4 undergraduate students receive some form of financial aid, including scholarships. Scholarships not only help students afford their education but also enable them to pursue degrees they might not have otherwise considered. This pursuit can lead to better job opportunities and improved quality of life after graduation. Types of Scholarships Available There is an extensive variety of scholarships available today. Here’s a breakdown of some common types: 1. Merit-based Scholarships These scholarships are awarded based on academic achievements, talents, or other achievements. For example, students with outstanding GPAs or high SAT/ACT scores may qualify for merit-based scholarships from universities or organizations. 2. Need-based Scholarships Need-based scholarships consider a family’s financial situation. These scholarships target students who may not be able to afford education without financial assistance. The Pell Grant, for example, is a federal need-based program that helps low-income students. 3. Athletic Scholarships Colleges often offer scholarships to students who excel in sports. Athletic scholarships can significantly reduce the cost of college for gifted athletes. For instance, NCAA Division I and II schools provide scholarships to individuals who exhibit exceptional performance in sports. 4. Community and Organization Scholarships Local businesses, nonprofit organizations, and civic groups often offer scholarships. For example, the Rotary Club may provide scholarships to local students pursuing higher education. A university campus as a representation of higher education opportunities. 5. Scholarships for Underrepresented Groups Many scholarships aim to support underrepresented populations. These could include scholarships for women in STEM or for students from minority backgrounds aiming to pursue higher education. Programs like the Hispanic Scholarship Fund aim to increase college access for Hispanic students. Do Parents Who Make $120,000 Still Qualify for FAFSA? The Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) is a form used to determine a student’s eligibility for financial aid. Many parents wonder if they qualify for assistance if their income is relatively high, such as $120,000. While it may seem that a higher income would disqualify a family from receiving federal funds, the reality is more nuanced. FAFSA assesses need based on various components, including income, family size, and the number of family members attending college simultaneously. For instance, a family of five may see a different financial need calculation than a family of two. There are also numerous scholarships and financial aid options still available to families at higher income levels. Some scholarships cater to specific demographics or academic achievements, regardless of financial need. A college admission letter representing student aspirations. How to Find the Right Scholarships Finding the right scholarship can be daunting. However, a systematic approach can make the process easier: 1. Start Early Begin researching scholarship opportunities during high school. Keep track of deadlines and required documents. Many scholarships have early application dates that can easily be missed. 2. Utilize Online Resources Websites like Fastweb, Cappex, and the College Board Scholarship Search can provide comprehensive databases of scholarships tailored to various criteria. Don’t hesitate to explore local scholarship listings as well. 3. Reach Out for Help Counselors at high schools, colleges, or community organizations can provide valuable insights into available scholarships. They may also have personal experiences or success stories that could help guide your search. 4. Apply Widely Do not limit your applications to only a few scholarships. Applying to multiple opportunities increases your chances of receiving funds. 5. Tailor Your Applications Take the time to customize your scholarship applications. Highlight your achievements and explain why the scholarship aligns with your educational goals. Personal stories and unique perspectives can make your application stand out. The Impact of Scholarships on Education Access Research indicates that scholarships play a vital role in improving educational outcomes. According to a report by the National Scholarship Providers Association, 82% of scholarship recipients report that financial assistance was essential for their educational attainment. Additionally, students who receive scholarships are more likely to graduate within a typical timeframe. Good planning and careful financial management make scholarship recipients more aware of their financial situation, leading to better academic performance. Long-term Benefits The benefits of scholarships extend beyond merely affording tuition. Graduates with no student debt can pursue career opportunities that align with their passions instead of feeling pressured to take any job that pays off debts. Furthermore, scholarships contribute to lower dropout rates and increase diversity in higher education institutions, fostering an inclusive academic environment. Encouraging Future Students While navigating the complex world of scholarships can seem overwhelming, encouraging students to look for opportunities is crucial. Families can support students in their journey by offering guidance and resources. Furthermore, sharing scholarship stories can inspire students to pursue their academic goals with confidence. Be a Mentor If you have successfully navigated the scholarship process, consider mentoring others. Offer support to students in your community by providing insights and guidance on finding and applying for scholarships. Your experience could greatly impact someone's education journey. Final Thoughts on Scholarships Education is an invaluable asset, and scholarships significantly contribute to making it accessible to everyone. They open doors for countless students, regardless of their backgrounds or financial situations. By understanding the various types of scholarships available and how to navigate the application process, students and their families can set themselves up for greater success in their educational pursuits. As we have explored, scholarships not only alleviate financial burdens but also create a more diverse and equitable landscape in higher education. It is critical for prospective students to seek out and apply for as many scholarships as possible to enhance their chances of achieving their academic dreams. By fostering a culture of scholarship searching, mentoring, and support, we can empower the next generation to pursue their educational goals confidently and effectively. For more information on various scholarships and educational financial aid , be sure to explore local resources and organizations dedicated to helping students fulfill their academic ambitions.

Every child deserves the chance to excel in literacy, yet not all students learn in the same way. Tailoring literacy support is essential to meet the diverse needs of students. By implementing personalized approaches, teachers and parents can foster an environment where every child can thrive. Understanding Literacy Support Literacy support encompasses various strategies aimed at enhancing reading and writing skills. This support may include one-on-one tutoring, specialized programs, and classroom modifications. Research shows that targeted literacy interventions significantly improve students' reading abilities. One approach to literacy support is creating small reading groups. These groups allow educators to focus on specific literacy needs. For instance, a group may work on decoding skills, while another concentrates on comprehension. This tailored support helps in addressing individual challenges. Statistics from the National Center for Education Statistics indicate that nearly 65% of fourth graders in the U.S. are not reading at grade level. This alarming number shows the urgency for effective literacy support strategies. The Role of Evidence-Based Practices Evidence-based practices are techniques backed by research that have shown to be effective in improving literacy outcomes. These practices include phonemic awareness, systematic phonics instruction, vocabulary development, and reading fluency. Implementing these strategies can make a significant difference in students' literacy skills. For instance, when teachers use systematic phonics instruction, students learn how letters and sounds work together. This knowledge is fundamental for reading words. An interactive classroom filled with students focused on reading activities. By focusing on what works, educators can create a structured literacy program that monitors progress and adjusts instruction according to students' needs. What are the big 5 of structured literacy? The " big 5 " of structured literacy includes key components necessary for effective reading instruction. They are: Phonemic Awareness : The ability to hear, identify, and manipulate sounds in spoken words. Phonics : The relationship between letters and sounds and how to use them to read and write words. Fluency : The ability to read with speed, accuracy, and proper expression. Vocabulary : Understanding the meaning of words and how to use them in context. Comprehension : The ability to understand and interpret what is read. Each of these components plays a vital role in building a strong literacy foundation. For example, without phonemic awareness, a child may struggle with decoding words and understanding their meaning. Educational strategies that incorporate these five areas can dramatically enhance literacy skills. Tailoring Support to Meet Individual Needs To truly help students thrive, it is crucial to tailor support to each child's unique learning profile. Some students may require more intensive interventions, while others may benefit from minor adjustments to their regular curriculum. For example, if a student has difficulties with decoding, a teacher might provide additional resources or exercises focusing on phonics to reinforce those skills. On the other hand, if a child excels in vocabulary but struggles with comprehension, targeted reading strategies can be implemented to enhance understanding without unnecessary repetition. Incorporating technology in literacy support also opens new avenues for personalized learning. Many online platforms adapt to students' reading levels and provide engaging materials. Programs that include interactive texts and games can motivate students to practice literacy skills at their own pace. Building a Community of Support Creating a network of support is essential for children's literacy development. Parents, teachers, and the community should work collaboratively to create a nurturing environment that prioritizes literacy. One example is organizing literacy nights at schools, where families can participate in reading activities together. These events not only promote literacy but also strengthen the bond between home and school, creating a community where reading is valued. Moreover, providing resources for parents empowers them to support their children's literacy at home. Simple practices, like reading aloud or discussing books, can significantly impact a child's love for reading and learning. Training Educators for Effective Literacy Instruction Teacher training plays a critical role in how literacy support is implemented in the classroom. Educators equipped with the knowledge of effective teaching strategies are better prepared to adapt their lessons to meet diverse needs. Professional development opportunities focused on the big 5 of structured literacy can enhance teachers' understanding and skills. Teachers who know how to apply evidence-based practices can create dynamic learning experiences that promote literacy growth. Incorporating regular assessments into the training regimen will also help educators track their students' progress, making it easier to adjust interventions as needed. Resources for Literacy Support Numerous resources are available for both educators and parents to enhance literacy support. For example, the structured literacy program provides comprehensive tools and training for effective reading instruction. In addition, websites like ReadWriteThink and Learning A-Z offer teaching strategies, lesson plans, and printable resources tailored to various literacy needs. These platforms can help teachers bring fresh ideas to their classrooms and create innovative learning environments. Another excellent resource is local libraries, which often host reading programs, workshops, and events aimed at improving children's literacy skills. Engaging in these community-focused initiatives can help foster a love for reading in children. Final Thoughts on Supporting Literacy In summary, helping students thrive with tailored literacy support requires a multifaceted approach. It is essential to understand the individual needs of each child and utilize proven strategies, such as the big 5 of structured literacy. By building a supportive community and providing effective resources, we can ensure that every child has the opportunity to develop strong literacy skills. Every small step we take toward improving literacy support can lead to significant changes in a child's educational journey. Therefore, it is our collective responsibility to invest in these strategies today to pave the way for tomorrow's readers.

Access to quality education is a right, not a privilege. Yet, many individuals face numerous challenges that prevent them from pursuing their educational dreams. These barriers can include financial issues, geographic constraints, social stigmas, and a lack of resources. In this blog post, we will explore how access to education can be improved, the significance of educational financial aid, and the vital role everyone can play in breaking down these barriers. The Importance of Education Access Education access is crucial for the development of individuals and society as a whole. When people have the opportunity to learn, they gain knowledge and skills that provide them with better job opportunities and the ability to contribute positively to their communities. For example, according to UNESCO, if all students in low-income countries left school with basic reading skills, 171 million people could be lifted out of poverty. Improving access to education can lead to various benefits, including economic growth, reduced inequality, and improved health outcomes. Addressing the barriers to education ensures that everyone, regardless of their background, can achieve their full potential. An open classroom where students engage in learning together. Solutions to Improve Education Access Achieving true education access requires a multi-faceted approach. Here are several practical solutions that can help break down existing barriers: Financial Support : Educational financial aid plays a crucial role in making education affordable. Many students are deterred from enrolling in college due to tuition costs and other fees. Scholarships, grants, and loans can relieve some of this financial burden. Find more about the opportunities available in educational financial aid here . Community Resources : Establishing community learning centers can offer tutoring, mentorship, and access to technology. For example, organizations like Boys & Girls Clubs provide vital after-school programs that not only help students with their homework but also teach them life skills. Online Learning Opportunities : The rise of online education has made it easier for individuals to access resources from the comfort of their own homes. Websites like Coursera and Khan Academy offer various free courses and learning materials, allowing people to learn at their own pace. Policy Changes : Governments can create policies that prioritize education access, such as funding for schools in rural areas or programs that support first-generation college students. These policies can also ensure that marginalized communities receive the resources they need to succeed. School supplies and a computer ready for learning. What Disqualifies You from Getting FAFSA? Many students turn to the Free Application for Federal Student Aid ( FAFSA ) to help finance their education. However, certain factors can disqualify individuals from receiving aid through this program: Immigration Status : Only U.S. citizens or eligible non-citizens can receive federal aid. International students must explore alternative funding sources. Drug Convictions : Individuals with drug-related convictions may complete the FAFSA, but past convictions can impact eligibility for federal aid. Failure to Maintain Academic Standards : Students must meet satisfactory academic progress to qualify for continued assistance. Failing grades can jeopardize future aid. Not Demonstrating Financial Need : Federal aid is typically awarded to students who show financial need. Those with substantial income or financial support may not qualify. It is crucial for students to understand the requirements and limits of FAFSA to plan their educational journey effectively. The Role of Community in Education Access Beyond individual efforts, community engagement is vital in promoting education access. Local organizations , schools, and government bodies can work together to create programs that meet the unique needs of their populations. Community members can volunteer their time to tutor students, mentor young learners, and advocate for increased funding for schools. Furthermore, businesses can contribute by offering internships and job training programs. This involvement not only benefits students but also helps create a skilled workforce that meets the needs of local economies. A community center where local families gather to support educational initiatives. Taking Action: How You Can Help Everyone has the potential to make a difference in the quest for education access. Here are some practical steps you can take to help: Support Local Schools : Donate supplies or funds to local schools in need. Even small contributions can make a big difference. Volunteer : Offer your time to tutor students or mentor young individuals. Your knowledge can help them succeed academically. Advocate : Stay informed about local education policies and push for changes that promote access to education. Attend school board meetings and voice your concerns. Spread Awareness : Use social media or community events to raise awareness about educational barriers and encourage others to get involved. Become a Resource : Share information about scholarships, grants, and financial aid with those who may benefit. Sometimes all it takes is one connection to open new doors. Breaking barriers through access to education is an ongoing effort that requires collaboration, advocacy, and a commitment to change. By working together, we can create a future where everyone has the opportunity to learn and grow.

Introduction Early language development is a critical milestone in your child’s growth. As a parent, you have a unique opportunity to support and nurture this growth at home. Simple strategies can greatly enhance early language skills. Here are some easy-to-use techniques that encourage language growth in young children. Understanding the Importance of Language Development Language development lays the foundation for effective communication. It helps in cognitive development and social skills. When children learn to express themselves, they gain confidence. They can share their thoughts and feelings more effectively. This makes everyday interactions smoother and more meaningful. Parallel Talk One effective technique is parallel talk. This involves narrating what your child is doing. For instance, if your child is stacking blocks, you can say, “You’re putting a red block on top of the blue block.” This method helps children associate actions with words. It encourages vocabulary building and enhances their understanding of language. For more on this topic, check the Adventures in Speech Pathology Blog . Self-Talk Another valuable technique is self-talk. This entails narrating your own actions. While preparing a snack or cleaning up, describe what you're doing. For example, “I’m pouring juice into the cup.” This method exposes your child to language in a natural context. It’s a great way for children to hear words and phrases used in real-life situations. A trusted resource for this technique is the Peachie Speechie Blog . Recasting and Expanding Recasting and expanding are effective language techniques, too. When your child says something, try to expand on their words. For example, if they say, “Dog run,” you might respond with, “Yes, the dog is running fast!” This helps them learn how to form complete sentences. It promotes their expressive language skills. For more information, visit the Graham Speech Therapy Blog . Giving Choices Providing choices is another strategy that empowers children. It encourages them to use language to express preferences. Instead of asking, “What do you want?” offer two options: “Do you want an apple or a banana?” This technique, endorsed by the Bjorem Speech Blog , helps children communicate their choices and feel more independent. The Role of Play in Language Development Playtime can significantly impact language learning. Engaging with your child during play stimulates conversation and encourages language use. Use toys, books, and games that invite interaction. For instance, during a play session, ask open-ended questions that require more than a yes or no answer. This promotes critical thinking and verbal skills. Encouraging Storytelling Encourage your child to tell stories. This can be about their day or a fantasy tale. Storytelling not only boosts verbal skills but also enhances creativity. Start by sharing a simple story and ask your child to add their own details. This interaction makes learning language fun and engaging. Reading Together Reading is one of the best ways to support language development. Set aside a few minutes each day to read with your child. Make it a cozy routine. Ask questions about the story and encourage your child to predict what happens next. This practice builds their vocabulary and comprehension skills. It also fosters a love for reading. Creating a Language-rich Environment Surround your child with language. Label items in your home, describe daily activities, and engage in conversations. The more language your child hears, the more they will learn. Make it enjoyable. Use songs, rhymes, and playful language to keep them interested. Final Thoughts These simple strategies can greatly influence your child’s language development. Integrating them into your daily routines supports vocabulary and conversational skills. Remember, every interaction counts. With consistent practice, you can set your child up for lifelong communication success. Conclusion Language development is a journey and you play a key role. By using these techniques regularly, you can foster an enriching environment for your child's growth. As they develop their language skills, they will learn to navigate their world more effectively.

Grant Overview Burlingame, CA — The Burlingame RiteCare Childhood Language Center has been awarded a substantial $30,000 grant through the 2025 Community Grants Program. This program is presented by the Peninsula Health Care District (PHCD) . This generous funding will directly support the center’s mission. Their focus is on providing life-changing speech and language therapy services to children in need. More families will gain access to high-quality, no-cost treatment for communication conditions. Award Ceremony Highlights The grant was officially presented at last night’s PHCD Award Ceremony. In attendance were Ana Pulido, CEO of PHCD, and several members of the Burlingame RiteCare Childhood Language Center Board. They proudly accepted the award on behalf of the center. The funds will be utilized to expand therapy resources and enhance program offerings. This will allow the center to continue serving children who face speech and language challenges. Roberto Diaz, a representative of the Burlingame RiteCare Childhood Language Center, expressed his thoughts on the grant. “This grant represents a crucial investment in the future of our children,” he stated. “With PHCD’s support, we can continue providing essential speech therapy services. This will give children the tools they need to communicate effectively and succeed in life.” Community Impact The California Scottish Rite Foundation (CASRF) and the Burlingame RiteCare Childhood Language Center wish to extend their deepest gratitude to the Peninsula Health Care District. Their unwavering commitment to community health is commendable. Additionally, their generous support of programs significantly impacts the lives of children and families in the community. Future Goals The center aims to utilize the grant funds efficiently. They will focus on expanding their range of services, which includes introducing new speech therapy techniques and tools. This will not only benefit the children currently enrolled but also expand outreach to families who need assistance. How You Can Help For more information about the Burlingame RiteCare Childhood Language Center and to learn how you can support its mission, visit https://www.casrf.org/burlingame . Your contribution can help ensure that children have access to the essential services they need. Concluding Thoughts The commitment to enhancing children's lives through effective communication is paramount. This grant provides a renewed sense of hope and possibility. As the Burlingame RiteCare Childhood Language Center continues its efforts, community support is vital. Together, we can help children overcome communication challenges and thrive in their environments. With organizations like the PHCD backing them, the journey toward improved language access for all children progresses. This positively affects not only the individual families involved but also the larger community fabric.

Understanding Screen Time's Impact on Children With screens everywhere, it’s important to understand how screen time affects young children’s speech and language development. Studies show that excessive screen time can interfere with these skills. However, when used wisely, screen time can be managed to support healthy growth. How Screen Time Affects Language Development Screen time, particularly passive screen time like watching videos, limits face-to-face interaction. According to the Peachie Speechie Blog , children learn language best through live, interactive communication with adults. Excessive screen time can diminish these opportunities. As a result, it may delay speech and social skills. Recommended Screen Time Limits The American Academy of Pediatrics has clear recommendations. They suggest no screen time for children under 18 months, except for video calls. For children aged 2 to 5, they recommend limited screen use to one hour per day, and only high-quality content should be allowed. Setting these boundaries helps create more interactive, language-rich experiences. This is crucial for development according to the Adventures in Speech Pathology Blog . Alternatives to Screen Time To balance screen time, it’s essential to encourage activities that promote language skills. Reading books, playing educational games, and discussing daily routines are excellent alternatives. The Graham Speech Therapy Blog highlights that these activities can help children listen to new words, ask questions, and engage in meaningful conversations. Encouraging Reading Reading is a powerful tool for language development. Choose age-appropriate books and make reading a daily habit. Discuss the stories with your child. Ask questions such as, “What do you think will happen next?” This not only enhances their comprehension but also encourages them to express their thoughts. Interactive Play Playtime is an excellent opportunity for language learning. Engaging in interactive play, such as role-playing or building activities, fosters communication. When playing with toys, narrate what you are doing and encourage your child to describe their actions. This promotes vocabulary development and strengthens conversational skills. Tips for Creating a Balanced Digital Environment Creating a balanced environment begins with parental involvement. Choose educational apps and shows that motivate participation. Screens can be more engaging when parents join in. Watching and discussing programs together transforms passive viewing into an interactive experience. Encourage your child to express their thoughts about what they see. This conversation can be a fun way to learn new vocabulary. Setting Screen Time Boundaries Establishing clear guidelines around screen time is vital. Create a family media plan that outlines daily screen usage, acceptable content, and screen-free zones in the home. Consider designating certain times, such as during meals or before bedtime, as screen-free. This not only encourages family bonding but also enhances language skills through conversation. Emphasizing Quality Over Quantity Focus on the quality of the content consumed rather than the quantity of time spent on screens. High-quality educational shows and apps designed for young children can aid in learning when balanced with interactive activities. Ensure that the chosen materials positively contribute to your child’s communication development. Final Thoughts While screen time is a significant part of modern life, managing it thoughtfully can support healthy speech and language development. By setting boundaries and providing language-rich alternatives, parents can help their children develop the communication skills they need. It is essential to remember that fostering a balanced approach to screen time not only benefits language development but also nurtures overall well-being. In conclusion, always engage with your child both on and off the screen. By actively participating in their digital world while encouraging interactive play and reading, parents can create a robust foundation for their child's communication skills.

What Are the Benefits of Reading to Your Child? The first book Lauri Arrington read to her daughter Savanna was “And to Think That I Saw it on Mulberry Street” by Dr. Seuss. Now, a mother reading anything from the iconic Dr. Seuss to her toddler daughter is so common, it happens on days ending in ‘y.’ It’s not exactly needle-moving news.   This, however, wasn’t your usual mother-daughter reading session. The two weren’t in the same room. They weren’t in the same city. And Savanna was hearing her mother’s voice not in person, but on tape. Lauri Arrington was “reading” to her daughter from a Texas prison. Through the Women’s Storybook Project, a Texas nonprofit, incarcerated women select a book and read it into a tape recorder. The tapes and books are mailed to the child, who can hear their mother’s voice and feel a connection—even a tenuous one separated by walls and bars. Arrington’s story, which she chronicled in a blog for the New York Times , illustrates more than the lengths incarcerated parents with go to maintain a connection with their children. It illustrates the importance of parents reading to their children. The benefits of reading to your child are well-chronicled and long-lasting: improved bonding, boosted brain development, an increase in creativity, better listening skills, increased attention span, exposure to important life lessons and improved social and emotional development. But there’s an added benefit that starts from the moment you pick up a book and read it to your infant. According to the Child Mind Institute , simply exposing your child to words is the single greatest way to build the language pathways in their brain. When you read to your child at a young age, you expose them to vocabulary they wouldn’t otherwise hear. “Kids who hear more vocabulary words are going to be better prepared to see those words in print when they enter school,” Books take the language of the home and expand it, giving children new ways of using language. They hear different words and, by doing so, expand their vocabulary. How much? Research from the Ohio State College of Education and Human Ecology showed that parents who read one book a day to their child will expose them to about 290,000 more words by the time they enter kindergarten than those whose parents or caregivers don’t read to them. Read five books a day to your child and you give them a 1.4 million -word head start  on their fellow kindergartners who aren’t read to. “Kids who hear more vocabulary words are going to be better prepared to see those words in print when they enter school,” said Vanderbilt Associate Professor of Special Education Jessica Logan, the lead author of the study, conducted when she was an assistant professor of educational studies at The Ohio State University. It comes back to the diversity of language. When you read a book about polar bears, whales, trains, states or countries or even famous people from history, you’re using words not often spoken around the house. That builds not only a child’s vocabulary, but background knowledge that serves them well when they enter school. They have an easier time learning new topics because of their wide exposure to a variety of subjects. These benefits are universal. But how can parents make reading engaging and fun for children with speech challenges? Start early. Read anything , even a newspaper or magazine. The important element at this point isn’t the content, it’s the sound of your voice. Have fun with this by changing your voice for different characters, showing emotion and “acting” out the story. Start with books that fit into categories, such as zoo animals, things that go (cars, trains, planes, buses, etc.). That keeps things simple, allowing children with speech delay to follow along easier. Ask questions about the objects in the story that help tell the story: “Where does the shark live?” “Yes, the ocean. The shark lives in the ocean.” Choose books with a lot of action. Ask your child to point to familiar objects like a cat or a cow and ask them to make the sound that creature makes. As they get older, ask them what sound “bird” starts with. Read the same story over and over. Repetition builds not only comfort and familiarity in toddlers, but helps them master difficult language skills. Ask questions about the story. “What is the rabbit doing?” “What color is the dog?” As your child gets older, ask more difficult questions, like “Where do you think the fire engine is going?” or “What are the whales saying to each other?” The RiteCare Childhood Language Center has the resources and knowledge to help your child with speech challenges fall in love with books, while introducing them to the fascinating people, places and things found inside. Sources: https://childmind.org/article/why-is-it-important-to-read-to-your-child/ https://www.casrf.org/post/reading-with-children-at-home-techniques-for-success https://ehe.osu.edu/news/listing/importance-reading-kids-daily-0 https://leader.pubs.asha.org/do/10.1044/how-to-read-books-with-children-with-language-delay/full/ https://www.bjoremspeech.com/blogs/bjorem-speech-blog/literacy-activities-for-the-family

Introduction   Did you know that play is one of the best ways for children to learn language and social skills? Play isn’t just about having fun—it’s a powerful tool that helps children communicate, interact, and understand the world around them. Let’s explore the types of play that foster language and social development. Why Play Matters for Language Development   Play allows children to practice new words, learn social cues, and express themselves. Through play, children engage in scenarios that require them to communicate, problem-solve, and collaborate, which are essential for language growth. According to the  Adventures in Speech Pathology Blog , play-based learning encourages natural language acquisition in children. Types of Play That Foster Development 1. Pretend Play      Pretend play, or imaginative play, involves role-playing scenarios like “playing house” or pretending to be a teacher. This type of play encourages language use as children create and act out stories, which can be beneficial for expressive language skills Bjorem Speech Blog . 2.  Cooperative Play       Cooperative play is when children play together towards a common goal, like building a tower or playing a game. It teaches turn-taking, negotiation, and listening skills, all of which support language and social interaction  Peachie Speechie Blog . 3. Sensory Play         Activities like playing with sand, water, or playdough stimulate the senses and encourage descriptive language. Sensory play helps children learn words related to textures, colors, and actions  Graham Speech Therapy Blog . How Parents Can Encourage Play-Based Learning   Parents can encourage language development by participating in play, asking questions, and expanding on their child’s ideas. Simple games like building with blocks or storytelling sessions can be powerful learning moments. Final Thoughts   Play is more than fun—it’s a foundational part of a child’s growth. By encouraging various types of play, parents can support their children’s language and social skills development naturally and joyfully.

Introduction   When it comes to speech development, terms like articulation and phonology often come up. But what do they mean, and why are they important for young children? In this article, we’ll explore the difference between articulation and phonology and how these areas impact children’s speech. What Is Articulation?   Articulation refers to the physical production of sounds. It’s about how we move our tongue, lips, and other parts of our mouth to make sounds. Articulation disorders occur when a child has trouble producing specific sounds, like “r” or “s.” For example, a child might say “wabbit” instead of “rabbit.” Graham Speech Therapy   highlights that these issues, if untreated, can persist and impact communication throughout life. What Is Phonology?   Phonology, on the other hand, is about sound patterns and how they’re organized in language. Phonological disorders occur when children have difficulty understanding sound patterns, like when they drop the last sound of a word, saying “ca” instead of “cat.” The Peachie Speechie Blog  explains that phonological patterns are normal in early development but should fade as children grow. If they persist, intervention is beneficial. Why Both Matter in Early Childhood   Understanding both articulation and phonology is crucial in early development. Speech issues in these areas can affect a child’s ability to communicate and lead to academic challenges in reading and writing. According to the Bjorem Speech Blog , early intervention in articulation and phonology can make a significant difference, providing children with the tools needed to succeed. How Speech Therapy Can Help   Speech therapists work on articulation and phonology by using exercises tailored to each child’s needs. Early intervention can help children build confidence and improve communication skills, setting them up for success in school and social settings. Final Thoughts   If you’re concerned about your child’s speech, consult a speech therapist for an evaluation. Understanding these differences empowers parents and caregivers to support their children’s communication journey.

About 5% to 10% of Americans may have communication disorders, and by the first grade, approximately 5% of children have noticeable speech disorders, while a recent study showed that, at the time of the study , “nearly 1 in 12 (7.7 percent) U.S. children ages 3-17 has had a disorder related to voice, speech, language, or swallowing in the past 12 months.” Speech disorders occur when a person is unable to produce speech sounds correctly or fluently or has problems with their voice, while language disorders occur when a person has trouble understanding others or sharing thoughts, ideas, and feelings completely or in an intelligible manner. As the statistics stated above show, there is a significant amount of the childhood population that struggles with speech or language disorders, and many people who do not have treatment or therapy for these disorders as children will carry these disorders into adulthood, negatively affecting their potential for developing and maintaining relationships and succeeding academically or professionally. It is with these thoughts in mind that the California Scottish Rite Foundation has made its mission to help children find their voice. More specifically, our mission statement is as follows: “The California Scottish Rite Foundation is dedicated to supporting and assisting children in California by providing childhood speech-language, literacy, and education programs for a lifetime of improved communication and confidence.” For years, those working with the CASR Foundation have fought to help children find their voice through a variety of programs and partnerships. But we do not only provide programs; we provide programs for free. So many children can benefit from speech-language, literacy, and education programs but simply do not have the financial means or support resources available to them to get the help they need. It is through our donors that we are able to help fill that gap and provide programs to those who otherwise might be left behind, and that's why being a donor for the CASR Foundation is a choice with life-changing effects for those children who, with our help, do find their voice, and with your help, will continue to do so. So we’ve talked a little bit about what our foundation does, but we want our potential donors to have the full range of information about our organization available to them. We are proud of what we have done and what our organization has become through the years, so let us start with some history. An Overview of Our Foundation’s History The Scottish Rite Foundation was created in 1958, and in September of 1960, a conference was held at Stanford University at which The Scottish Rite Institute for Childhood Aphasia was founded with support from the California Scottish Rite Foundation and the U.S. Office of Education. The focus of the conference at the time was on aphasic children , who left untreated, might well end their days in state-supported institutions and never be able to reach their full potential as adults. The Institute was led by Dr. Jon Eisenson who published many articles in medical journals relating to children’s learning disorders, their causes, effects, and cures. The Scottish Rite Institute for Childhood Aphasia at Stanford University was the first such facility in the West and one of only two in the entire country at that time. By the end of the 1960s, the program moved to San Francisco State University under the direction of Robert H. Gottsleben where it eventually became the foundation of the university’s current Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences. In 1970, the San Francisco Scottish Rite sponsored the opening of a Childhood Aphasia Clinic through the California Scottish Rite Foundation. It didn’t take long for other Scottish Rite locations to follow suit with the opening of a clinic in Los Angeles in 1977 and Long Beach and San Jose in 1978. In 1981 a clinic was opened in San Diego, then Stockton and San Bernardino in 1982, and in 1984 clinics were opened in Oakland, Sacramento, Santa Rosa, and Santa Barbara. The next clinics weren’t opened until 1991 in Fresno, 1996 in Pasadena, 2001 in Orange County, and 2004 in Palm Springs. Then nearly twenty years later after the clinics were rebranded as Childhood Language Centers a new center was added in Burlingame in 2021 and Bakersfield in 2022 bringing the total number of centers in California to 17. Through these centers, the California Scottish Rite Foundation has provided speech and language services to thousands of children over the years. A Brief History of the RiteCare Language Program While all of the California Scottish Rite Foundation’s centers are located in California, we recognize the need for language programs across the United States, where children no less deserving of help than those in California can benefit from our life-changing programs. This is why the history of the RiteCare Language Program is so important to who we are as a foundation and what we aim to become. In the early 1950s in Colorado, the Scottish Rite of Freemasonry of the Southern Jurisdiction of the United States initiated a program to help children with speech and language disorders. The results obtained from this program led to the establishment of RiteCare Scottish Rite Childhood Language Program (SRCLP) clinics to provide diagnostic evaluation and treatment of speech and language disorders, as well as learning disabilities. Today, there are SRCLP clinics, centers, and special programs operating or planned for children and therapists located throughout the United States. Each facility is staffed by speech-language pathologists or other trained personnel. Through the support of Scottish Rite members, these clinics, centers, and programs continue to increase. The value of this philanthropy has long been apparent. Tens of thousands of youngsters across the United States have been helped significantly. With the good work of dedicated clinicians and parents, the Scottish Rite has achieved successes that could only be imagined a few years back. Children who might have remained educationally behind for a lifetime can now talk, read, and lead productive lives. Our Programs As you can see from these brief histories, the CASR Foundation has for many years been a pioneer in providing speech-language, literacy, and educational programs across the United States, helping thousands of children work through and overcome their disabilities that might have otherwise dimmed their prospects for a fully developed life. Now that we have gone over some of our foundation’s history, let us talk about some of the specific programs that we are offering right now to help children across the U.S. 1. RiteCare Language Centers Each year the RiteCare Childhood Language Centers in California provide services to over 2,300 children with speech, language, and literacy disorders. The RiteCare Childhood Language Program clinics provide diagnostic evaluation and treatment of speech and language disorders, as well as learning disabilities. At the core of every program is the Scottish Rite mission to “help children communicate.” Equally important, all services are available regardless of race, creed, or the family’s inability to pay. And this is where donors come in. The CASR Foundation directs all money from donors to the proliferation, maintenance, and impact of the RiteCare Childhood Language Centers, which have proven successful time and again to help children overcome their difficulties and leave our centers with more confidence, skills, and brighter life prospects for the future. We do not think that an inability to pay should stop a child from receiving the help they need, and we hope that you, the potential or current donors, feel the same way. In this case, there is no question that donations directly contribute to more hopeful futures. While it is important to talk at length in this article about our RiteCare Language Learning Centers since these centers are made possible by the contributions of donors, it's also important to highlight our other programs so that you can see the greater picture of the foundation and all of the different ways we are involved in bringing educational and therapy services to children in need. 2. University Partnerships The California Scottish Rite Foundation has entered into strategic partnerships with several universities to ensure that we are able to offer a greater breadth of services to a wider range of children in various communities. These partnerships also enable aspiring graduate students at these universities to obtain the necessary hands-on experience they need under the supervision of their clinical professors so that they can make an immediate difference as a Speech-Language Pathologist upon graduation. We are currently partnered with California State University Long Beach, California State University Los Angeles, Chapman University in Orange County, and University of the Pacific in Stockton. 3. Private Partnerships The California Scottish Rite Foundation has entered into strategic partnerships with several private practices in order to offer a greater breadth of services to a wider range of children in various communities. These partnerships also enable aspiring graduate students to seek internships at these locations to obtain the necessary hands-on experience they need so that they can make an immediate difference as a Speech-Language Pathologist upon graduation. We are currently partnered with Sunrise A Speech Pathology Corp in Fresno, Speech-Language Learning Associates, Inc. in Sacramento, and Speech Goals in Burlingame, Oakland, and San Francisco. 4. Scholarships The California Scottish Rite Foundation offers scholarships for both graduate and undergraduate studies to students who are California residents maintaining at least a 3.0 GPA and 12 units per term. All awards are paid out half in August and half in February of each year of the award. The William F Stovall Scholarship and the Baldwin Scholarship support students pursuing a Master's or Doctorate Degree in a field of public service such as Public-School Administration or Speech-Language Pathology. The Stovall Scholarship awards $6,000 per year for up to two years and the Baldwin Scholarship awards $6,000 for one year. The Ruppert Scholarship supports students pursuing an undergraduate degree in either medicine, engineering, forestry, or public school administration. The Ruppert Scholarship awards $3,000 per year for up to four years. The Lester W Miller Scholarship supports students pursuing an undergraduate degree in any field of study. The Miller Scholarship awards $3,000 per year for up to four years. The Harry Lister Scholarship supports students pursuing an undergraduate degree in any field of study. The applicant must be a young man who is a blood relative of a California Mason and/or a past or current member of DeMolay International. The Lister Scholarship awards $3,000 per year for up to four years. So Why Donate to the CASR Foundation? The simple answer to this question is that donations to the CASR Foundation help us literally change lives. Children with speech and language disorders are not rare, and yet, there are so many children who suffer from their disorders without adequate assistance and resources. A child with a language or speech disorder not only faces severe challenges as a child (and they can potentially face many), but if left untreated these disorders can continue into adulthood, hindering them from reaching their full potential in life. Just imagine not being able to communicate clearly in a world where communication is the primary way of forming and maintaining friendships, succeeding academically and professionally, and simply expressing oneself in a way that other people can understand. It is from this real possibility for many children that we are trying to help them reclaim a future of expression, success, sociability, and fulfillment. So that is why you should donate to the CASR Foundation. We will end this article with our foundation's creed: 1. The Vision We are leaders in transitioning children with childhood communication disorders to realize their full potential. 2. The Why We serve children with speech, language and literacy disorders by providing the opportunity for free, life-changing therapy to improve their communication skills. 3. The Truth Speech, language and literacy disorders can strike any child – with devastating outcomes. Many of these children struggle daily with the task of speaking, reading and writing. 4. The Cost Our services are provided at NO COST to the children & families we serve. Our donors are proud to give, knowing their contributions drastically improve thousands of children’s lives every year. 5. The Commitment We adhere to the premise that every child with speech, language or literacy disorders should have the opportunity to receive vital therapy from certified Speech Pathologists so that they may lead productive lives; freely communicating with their family, peers, and succeeding academically. 6. The Future Acquiring these services can be life-changing, providing a renewed sense of self-confidence, and the ability to communicate that many take for granted. Thank You for Your Support We thank you for reading this article. Whether you choose to donate or not, it means a lot to us that you have given time and consideration to hearing our foundation's message and mission. If you would like to donate, you can easily do so through this link . We would be forever thankful.

In a recent testimony, a parent expressed her sincere gratitude toward a member of her child’s care team at the RiteCare Childhood Language Center of San Bernardino . They voiced their heartfelt story, “Our daughter has been struggling with speech since she was very young. We noticed that she had trouble speaking at about 3 years old and have had interventions for her speech since. Just when we thought we started to get a handle on everything, in January of 2020 the pandemic began. Schools and speech services were being disrupted and her speech impairment began to really affect her at school as her entire Kindergarten experience was virtual. She missed core foundation opportunities with reading, writing, and math. Her teacher couldn’t understand her most of the time and her IEP online and speech-language therapy online were not sufficient for her to focus and grow. Putting a 5-year-old in front of the screen and hoping they retain any information was an impossible task. We spent countless hours and late nights trying to keep up. We were working at the hospital and had to help all our kids focus on virtual learning. After the pandemic, we did everything we could to make sure she could catch up in school. Having a speech impairment and having both virtual kindergarten and 1st grade had put her at risk of repeating a grade as she could barely read or write and spoke very little. We immediately started sessions of in-person speech-language therapy & tutoring. After one year of effort, we found some improvement, but she wasn’t at the same level as her peers and began to get picked on constantly for her speech issues. We recently had to switch our health insurance and lost services from her previous speech therapist. We struggled to find somewhere that would take our insurance or that wasn’t full or waitlisted. We wanted her to go somewhere that would work with us and help her grow to her full potential. We found the RiteCare Childhood Language Center on Google search and saw the wonderful reviews. We started therapy with Ms. Jovie at the Center on August 3rd, 2023. Ms. Jovie has been the most caring, straightforward, supportive, and passionate person we have ever met. I have never worked with someone who cared about our daughter and her future as much as we did. Ms. Jovie cares. She is patient but teaches our daughter to put in the work without making excuses. In just the few sessions we have had with Ms. Jovie, she was able to help and identify problem areas that our daughter had that individuals prior had not identified. She helps her stay focused on tasks and challenges her. She has already made an improvement with her speech while with Ms. Jovie for this short time. Not only does Ms. Jovie work with our daughter, but she works with our entire family and includes us in projects or goals for her. She values each child that comes into her office and specializes in her teaching plan that is unique to each child. I appreciate her for listening to our family and helping our daughter grow with her speech and am so grateful for the California Scottish Rite Foundation and Ms. Jovie. I can’t wait to see how much more she will grow while continuing her journey with speech-language therapy .”